HVAC Fundamentals by Labtech

Discover the basics of air conditioning and refrigeration. This trainer introduces the student to the basics of refrigeration and air conditioning. The trainer is a fully operational unit that contains the basic components found in many refrigeration and air conditioning systems. With HVAC Fundamentals by Labtech, you’ll cover the following:

Vapor Compression Cycle

• Understand basic laws in refrigeration
• Understand refrigeration process in each main component
• Understand vapor compression cycle
• Understand representation of P-H Diagram in vapor compression cycle

Pressure and Measurements

• Understand definition of pressure and atmospheric pressure
• Understand Boyle’s law
• Understand Charles’s law
• Understand Gay-Lussac’s law

Heat, Temperature and Measurements

• Familiarization with heat and temperature
• Understand temperature scales and conversions
• Understand heat transfer process by conduction method
• Understand heat transfer process by convection method
• Understand heat transfer process by radiation method
• Understand sensible heat, latent heat and specific heat

Reciprocating Hermetic Compressor

• Familiarization with refrigerant compressors
• Identification of parts and components in reciprocating hermetic compressor
• Understand construction of reciprocating hermetic compressor
• Understand working principles of reciprocating hermetic compressor

Evaporator, Air Cooled, Forced Air

• Introduction of Evaporator
  • Double-pipe coolers
  • Baudelot coolers
  • Tank-type cooler
  • Shell-and-coil coolers
  • Shell-and-tube chillers
  • Direct and indirect systems
• Evaporator Components
  • Evaporator coil
  • Fin
  • Distributor
  • Evaporator inlet
  • Evaporator outlet
  • Evaporator casing

Condenser, Air Cooled, Forced Air

• Condenser types in refrigeration systems
• Forced air condenser parts name, locations and their functions
• Heat exchange process in condenser
• States of refrigerant in condenser

Capillary Tube

• Major component functions
  • System unloading
  • Critical length and bore of capillary tubes
• Types of capillary tubes
  • Applications
• Critical refrigerant charge
• Capillary tube function
• Balance point of compressor and capillary tube
• Size identification of capillary tubes
• Operating pressure

Thermostatic Expansion Valve (TXV)

• Introduction thermostatic expansion valve
• The diaphragm
• The needle and seat
• The spring
• The sensing bulb and transmission tube
• Types of bulb charge

Filter Drier

• Know about refrigerant contaminants
• Familiarization with filter drier types and functions
• Understand filter drier parts location and functions
• Understand the application of filter drier

Receiver

• Familiarize with liquid receiver function
• Understand receiver parts name and functions
• Understand the operation of liquid receiver

Accumulator

• Familiarize with accumulator function
• Understand accumulator parts name and functions
• Understand the operation of accumulator with heat exchanger coil

High Low-Pressure Manual Controls

• Familiarize to pressure control in HVAC systems
• Identify the parts and components of manual reset HPC and LPC
• Understand the function of manual reset HPC and LPC for safety purposes
• Understand the operation of manual reset HPC and LPC

High Low-Pressure Automatic Controls

• Familiarize to pressure control
• Identify the parts and components of HPC and LPC
• Understand the function of HPC and LPC in pressure control system
• Understand the operation of HPC and LPC

Split Air Conditioning

• SSplit type air conditioning systems
  • Compressor
  • Condenser and evaporator coils
  • Component description
  • AC split outdoor
• plit air conditioner
• Individual room air conditioning systems
• Learning the location of split air conditioning components

Window Air Conditioning

• Window type air conditioning systems
  • Compressor
  • Condenser and evaporator coils
• Definition of air conditioning
• Individual room air conditioning systems
• Learning the location of window air conditioning components

 

HVAC Residential by Labtech

Investigate residential air conditioners and refrigeration systems.
Labtech HVAC Residential is the second set in a series of courses that will take the student on a learning journey to go more in-depth into residential air conditioning and refrigeration systems. It is aimed at building the knowledge that a student will need to develop employable skills for this exciting and key area of air conditioning and refrigeration systems. The course will cover the processes, the science involved, and then proceed to develop an understanding of key components and systems.

HVAC Residential Consists of 15 modules which have several learning elements in the form of text, technical simulations, and 3D images to support the learning process to be more interactive and effective.

Vacuum and Evacuation (Recovery)

• Familiarization with system evacuation in refrigeration systems
• Understand the functions of the equipment used for refrigeration system evacuation
• Understand the procedure of refrigerant recovery
• Understand the procedure of vacuum process in the refrigeration system

Recovery, Recycling, and Recharging

• CFC Refrigerants
• HCFC Refrigerants
• HFC Refrigerants
• Refrigerant Blends (Azeotropic – Zeotropic)
• Recovery, recycling, reclaiming of refrigerants
• Reclamation
• Pressure
• Atmospheric, Gauge and Absolute
• Evacuating System with a Vacuum Pump
• Deep Vacuum
• High-Vacuum Pumps

Squirrel Cage Induction Motors, 1 Phase

• Introduction to electric motors
• Fundamentals of single-phase induction motor
• Characteristics and performance of single-phase induction motor
• Construction of single-phase induction motor
• Parts of a single-phase induction motor

Squirrel Cage induction Motors, 3 Phase

• Introduction to electric motors
• Fundamentals of three-phase induction motor
• Characteristics and performance of three-phase induction motor
• Construction of three-phase induction motor
• Parts of a three-phase induction motor

Temperature Control

• Familiarization with temperature control system in refrigeration systems
• Understand operations and functions of an electronic temperature controller
• Understand application of electronic temperature controller in a cold storage refrigeration system

Defrost Control

• Familiarization with defrost system in refrigeration systems
• Understand operations and functions of a mechanical defrost timer
• Understand application of a mechanical defrost timer in cold storage

Semi-Hermetic Compressor

• Familiarization of semi-hermetic compressor
• Identify parts of semi-hermetic compressor
• Understand operation cycle of semi-hermetic compressor
• Understand compression process in semi-hermetic compressor
• Understand lubrication in semi-hermetic compressor
• Understand oil circulation in semi-hermetic compressor
• Understand refrigerant migration in semi-hermetic compressor
• Understand motor cooling in semi-hermetic compressor
• Understand electrical connection in semi-hermetic compressor

Open Type Compressor

• Introduction to electric motors
• Familiarization of open type compressor
• Identify parts of open type compressor
• Understand operation cycle of open type compressor
• Understand compression process in open type compressor
• Understand lubrication in open type compressor
• Understand electric motor drive system for open type compressor

Automatic Expansion Valve (AXV)

• Understand automatic expansion operation and function
• Understand automatic expansion valve types and design
• Understand automatic expansion valve capacity
• Understand automatic expansion valve application

Service Valve

• Familiarization with service valve functions and types
• Familiarization with gauge manifold set
• Using split system installation valves
• Connecting a gauge manifold set to Schrader valve
• Removing gauge manifold set from Schrader valve
• Accessing sealed systems
• Connecting a gauge manifold set to Manual Service valves
• Removing gauge manifold set from Manual Service valves

Oil Separator

• Familiarization with service valve functions and types
• Familiarization with gauge manifold set
• Using split system installation valves
• Connecting a gauge manifold set to Schrader valve
• Removing gauge manifold set from Schrader valve
• Accessing sealed systems
• Connecting a gauge manifold set to Manual Service valves
• Removing gauge manifold set from Manual Service valves

Basic Refrigerator System

• Understand definition of pressure and atmospheric pressure
• Understand Boyle’s law
• Understand Charles’s law
• Understand Gay-Lussac’s law

Cold Room, Refrigeration System and Components

• Cold storage room refrigeration components
  • Compressor
  • Condenser
  • Evaporator
  • Expansion devices
  • Liquid receiver
  • Filter drier
  • Sight glass
  • Accumulator
  • Oil separator
• Solenoid valve
• Cold storage room refrigeration system
• Cold storage room insulation panels
• Cold storage room doors

Reverse Cycle (Heat Pump)

• Understand refrigeration cycle
• Understand heat pump cycles
• Understand heat pump parts and their functions
• Locate heat pumps parts and c“omponents
• Familiar with types of heat pump systems

Residential Central Air Conditioner Central Unit

• Principle of residential central air-conditioning
• Outdoor unit of residential central air-conditioning
• Residential central air-conditioning cooling mode
• Residential central air-conditioning heating mode
• Residential central air-conditioning configuration and installation
• Pressure, temperature, and heat transfer process on a residential air-conditioner
• Indoor unit of residential central air-conditioning
• Air distribution duct system of residential central air-conditioning
• Residential central air-conditioning control system
• Refrigeration cycle and flow diagram

Investigate commercial and industrial air conditioning and refrigeration systems. HVAC Commercial and Industrial by Labtech is the third set in a series of courses that will take the student on a learning journey to go more in-depth into commercial and industrial air conditioning and refrigeration systems. It is aimed at building the knowledge that a student will need to develop employable skills for this exciting and key area of air conditioning and refrigeration systems. The course will cover the processes, the science involved, and then proceed to develop an understanding of key components and systems.

Air Distribution Ducting

• Basic air flow in ducts
  • Bernoulli equation
  • Air flow principles
  • Static pressure, Velocity pressure, and Total pressure
• Characteristics of air flow in ducts
  • Types of air ducts
  • Pressure characteristics of the airflow
  • System pressure loss
• Duct materials
• Duct classification
  • Velocity classification
  • Pressure classification
  • Velocity classification vs. pressure classification
• Duct Shapes
  • Round ducts
  • Rectangular ducts
  • Oval ducts
  • Equivalent diameter
• Duct design methods
  • Equal friction method
  • Static regain method
• Pressure losses in air distribution – system
  • Duct friction losses
  • Duct fitting dynamic losses
  • The concept of duct equivalent legnth
  • Pressure loss across components
• Fan sizing
  • Fan laws
  • Fan arrangement and classifications
  • The effect of resistance on air flow
• Circular equivalents of rectangular duct for equal friction and capactity – table
• Loss coefficients table
  • Loss coefficient of elbows
  • Loss coefficient of WYE, rectangular
• Velocities/Velocity pressure table

Air Handling Unit (AHU)

• Air Handling Unit (AHU) principle and configuration
• Draw-through
• Blow-through
• Air handling unit main components
• Mixing chamber
• Air filter
• Cooling-heating coil
• Humidifer
• Centrifugal blower fan
• Condensate drain

Capacity Pressure Regulator

• Familiarization of a Capacity Pressure Regulator
• Identify parts of Capacity Pressure Regulator
• Understand the basic operation of a Capacity Pressure Regulator
• Understand the setting of a Capacity Pressure Regulator
• Understand the operation characteristic of Capacity Pressure Regulator
• Understand the application of Capacity Pressure Regulator

Commercial Water Chiller, Water Cooled

• Definition of Air Conditioning
• Refrigeration process in air conditioning
• Heat pumps cycles
• Heat pump systems
  • Compressors
  • Condenser and evaporator coils
  • Water coil
  • Four way reversing valves
  • Check valve
  • Thermostatic expansion valve
  • Flash gas
  • Superheat
  • Filter drier
  • High pressure control
  • Low pressure control
  • Temperature controls
  • Cooling tower
• Pressure, temperature, and heat transfer process on residential air-conditiong

Condenser Pressure Regulator

• Familiarization of a Condenser Pressure Regulator
• Identify parts of Condenser Pressure Regulator
• Understand the basic operation of a Condenser Pressure Regulator
• Understand the setting of a Condenser Pressure Regulator
• Understand the operation characteristic of Condenser Pressure Regulator
• Understand the application of Condenser Pressure Regulator

Counter Flow Induced Draft Cooling tower

• Thermal analysis of cooling towers
• Technological terms
• Tower coefficient
• Heat and mass-transfer process for counterflow cooling tower
• Tower capacity, size, and coefficient
• Cooling tower performance
• Factors that affect cooling tower performance
• Range and water circulating rate
• Tower coefficient and water-air ratio
• Approach
• Outdoor wet-bulb temperature
• Fill configuration and water distribution
• Construction materials
• Operating considerations for cooling towers
• Recirculation and interference
• Freeze protection and fogging
• Blowdown

Crankcase Pressure Regulator

• Familiarization of a Crankcase Pressure Regulator
• Identify parts of Crankcase Pressure Regulator
• Understand the basic operation of a Crankcaser Pressure Regulator
• Understand the setting of a Crankcase Pressure Regulator
• Understand the operation characteristic of Crankcase Pressure Regulator
• Understand the application of Condenser Pressure Regulator

DC Motors

• Introduction to Electric Motors
• Fundamentals of DC Motors
• Characteristics and Performance of DC Motors
• Parts of a DC Motor

Dry Cooling Tower

• Be familiar with Dry Cooling Tower Components
• Understand Dry Cooling Tower work principles
• Assembly and Disassembly of parts of Dry Cooling Tower
• Understand Cooling Tower Range (Difference temperature of water outlet and inlet)
• Effect of varing water flow to Cooling Tower Range
• Effect of varing air flow to Cooling Tower Range
• Effect of varing water inlet temperature on Cooling Tower Range
• Effect of varing air inlet temperature to Cooling Tower Range
• Effect of varing air flow on Cooling Tower performance and efficiency
• Restricted water flow and its relation to water pressure and heat exchange performance
• Effect of restricted/blocked air flow on Heat Exchange preformance

Electronic Expansion Valve (EXV)

• Benefits of using an Electronic Expansion Valve
• Shapes of Electronic Expansion Valves
• Main parts of an Electronic Expansion Valve
• How Expansion Valves work

Evaporator Pressure Regulator

• Familiarization of Evaporator Pressure Regulator
• Identify parts of Evaportaor Pressure Regulator
• Understand the basic operation of a Evaporator Pressure Regulator
• Understand the setting of a Evaporator Pressure Regulator
• Understand the operation characteristic of a Evaporator Pressure Regulator
• Understand the application of Evaporator Pressure Regulator

Motorized Control Valve

• Inroduction to Modulating Valves
• Operating principle of 2-way and 3-way Modulating Valves
• Control of Modulating Valves
• Configuration of Modulating Valves
• Application of 2-way Modulating Valves
• Application of 3-way Modulating Valves

Refrigeration System General

• Familar with components of a general cycle refrigeration system
• Identify and locate components of a general cycle refrigeration system
• Understand the functions of each component in a general cycle refrigeration system
• Determine the sub-cooled of a refrigeration system
• Determine the superheat of a refrigeration system
• Determine the refrigeration capacity of a refrigeration system
• Calculate the coefficient of performance of a refrigeration system

Scroll Compressor

• Familiarization with refigerant compressors
• Identification of parts and components of a hermetic scroll compressor
• Understand the construction of a hermetic scroll compressor
• Understand the working principles of a hermetic scroll compressor

Solenoid Valve

• Introduction
• Circuit Functions of Solenoid Valves
• Type of Operation:
  • Direct Operated
  • Indirect Operated (servo or pilot-operated)
  • Semi-direct operated
  • Direct operated 3/2 way solenoid valves
• Parts of the Solenoid Valve and thier working principle:
  • Valve Body
  • Inlet Port
  • Outlet Port
  • Coil Cover
  • Armature Assembly
  • Electrical Connection
  • Plunger or Piston
  • Closing Spring
  • Orifice
• Working Principle of the Solenoid Valve